Alloy



q of different Patented Nov. 24, 1925.

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v 1,562,958 ti @E i ALLOY.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. HANSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Alloys, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in metal alloys, and has for its object the production of such an alloy embodying qualities that make the alloy highly desirable for use in the fabrication of articles that may be subjected to the action of'corrosive liquids suchas acids, and which shall at the same time possess physical properties which permit it to be worked, machined, and otherwise manipulated in the fabrication of articles by tools and methods which are at present employed in working metals.

My improved alloy further possesses properties which make it valuable for use as an electrical resistance element, the alloy being high in its specific resistance, at the same time possessing the \physical properties of ductility and malleability which permits its being rolled'into sheets or drawn into wire form. V

With these and otherobjects in view the invention consists in the alloying of metals properties as will be more fully described an particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The alloy herein proposed comprisesan alloy of gold, with nickel or cobalt, iron or chromium, and magnesium or manganese Certain of these elements in their metallic state have certain acid-resisting properties, but when they are combined in the form of an alloy the acid resisting properties are greatly enhanced.

a In preparing my metal alloy I find that I can vary the proportions throughout a great range and still 0 tain the desired characteristics and acid resisting properties. More specifically the composition consists of from fifty to Seventy-five percent gold, ten to twenty-two percent nickel or cobalt; onetenth of one percent to thirty percent iron or chromium; and from one-quarter to onehalf of one percent magnesium or from onetenth of one percent to four percent manganese. The characteristic properties of this alloy are effected about equally by the presence of either nickel or cobalt and Application filed April 6,

1922 Serial No. 550,197.

of these two substances is kept low in order not to counteract other desirable qualities such as n'ialleability and duetibility. The. proportions of the alloy are varied slightly, depending on the final use to which the substance is to be put. The larger amount of gold produces an alloy of greater acid re sisting properties and is correspondingly more expensive.

ln some instances a small percentage such as five percent of zinc may be present and still a very satisfactory result obtained. It

is tobe understood however, that zinc is not an essential ingredient of this composition inasmuch as an alloy Without it is equally satisfactory.

In still other instances a very small quan-' tity of vanadium may form a part of this composition which seems to act as a scavenger to clear the structure and give an even grain to the alloy,'however, it is to be understood that the presence of this metal does not in an essential way effect the properties of the al ow as the composition is satisfactory without vanadium.

n The alloy which has been described pos "sesses the physical properties of ductility, high tensile strength, and is easily machinable. The alloy is risistant to corrosive liquids such as certain acids, particularly cold dilute sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric acids. sion with respect to hot diluted sulphuric acidto approximately 150 Fahrenheit.

It is also resistant to corro- 1 In the. alloy described-cobalt may be used I in place of nickel if desired, and in thecase of articleswhich may be made to be used in connection with the handling of the diluted hydrochloric acid, cobalt ispreferably substituted for nickel.

Because of the machinability and other tioned this alloy can be worked into hypodermic needles. In fact, the alloy is adapted for general use in the fabrication of any physical properties which have been .men-

article where the property of resistance to corrosion of the dilute acids before mentioned is to be overcome.

This alloy in which is gold and nickel or cobalt possesses certain properties which -makes it hlghly useful for fillings, crowns and plates for teeth for the dentaltrade, as it resists the action of the acids of the stomach and mouth while its ductibility permits it to be easily rolled into sheets, tubing or drawn into wire. In the use of the alloy in this connection, the amount of manganese utilized might be slightlyhigher than that which has heretofore been specified.

An alloy of nickel and gold, or nickel, gold and iron, with manganese would be prepared by the addition of small amounts of magnesium to the other metals when in melted condition. the addition of magne sium increasing the workability, that is to say, the properties of easy rolling and draw-' 'ing, and both elements being easily oxidizable form a protecting film of oxide, thus preventing further oxidization of the alloy. The foregoing alloys of gold and nickel,- or cobalt, and of gold, iron and nickel, or cobalt, being subject to oxidization at moderate temperatures. which oxides are largely composed of nickel andzinc oxide.

Doubtless other uses may be fountl'for the alloy herein described, which result from the peculiar and particular properties inherent in the alloy.

Inasmuch as nickel and cobalt in the, alloy herein described have substantially the same properties, it is to be unders'tbodthat nickel and cobalt are interchangeable inthe alloy, and therefore in the claims where there is mentioned a metal having the properties of nickel and cobalt it is intended to include by that expression, either nickel or cobalt. The same is also to be understood of the metals iron and chromium as well as magnesium and manganese.

I claim:

1. A metal alloy containing more than fifty per cent gold, nickel and iron each in substantial amounts, and manganese or magnesium in an amount substantially less than the iron and nickel but sufficient to increase the tensile strength and workabilityof the substance.

2. A metal alloy containing more than fifty percent gold, nickel and iron each in substantial amounts, and magnesium from' one-quarter to one half of one percent.

1L metal alloy containing gold more thau'fifty per cent, nickel fifteen to twentytwo per cent, iron from one to nine per cent and magnesiunrin an amount less than said u e] u 0 iron but sufiicientto increase the tensile In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

CHARI ES E. HANSEN. 

